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Communication protocols are rules that define how devices exchange data with each other.
Communication protocols
A complete, ground-up guide to the Serial Peripheral Interface: how the four wires really work, what CPOL/CPHA mean, how to design robust SPI buses, and a full buildable Arduino master/slave project with working code on both sides.
Communication protocols
Know nothing about EtherCAT? By the end of this in-depth guide you will understand it completely — the "processing on the fly" idea, frame structure, masters and slaves, distributed clocks, the state machine, mailbox protocols, safety and diagnostics — and how to build a real EtherCAT network.